It is shown for the first time, that in Antarctic Region (island Galindez of the Argentine archipelago) are occurred the microorganisms which are resistant to high concentrations of toxic heavy metals. The microorganisms which grow under aerobic conditions in the presence of 200 - 500 ppm <$E roman Hg sup 2+>, 1000 - 3000 ppm <$E roman Cu sup 2+>, and 3000 - 60 000 ppm <$E roman CrO sub 4 sup 2-> are isolated. Microorganisms are characterized by a polyresistance to metals (<$E roman Hg sup 2+>, <$E roman Cu sup 2+> and <$E roman CrO sub 4 sup 2->). They grow in the presence of these three metals separately and in their mixture. On adding glucose to a nutrient medium (20 g/l), microorganisms reduce <$E roman CrO sub 4 sup 2-> up to insoluble <$E roman Cr(OH) sub 3 sup symbol Ч n roman {H sub 2 O}>. The absence of correlation between the resistance of microorganisms to high concentrations of metals and the concentration of these metals in the Antarctic soils is shown. The number of soil microorganisms, which are resistant to 1000 ppm <$E roman Cu sup 2+>, was <$E 10 sup 6~-~10 sup 8> cells/g of soil, and the concentration of copper in soils was in a range 13 - 172 ppm. Probably, the isolated microorganisms are "retroforms", and their resistance to high concentrations of toxic metals was formed during an epoch of neotectonic activities in the Antarctic Region.

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